The Mariner missions to Mars provided humanity
with its first detailed surface images of the Red Planet. While the
cratered landscapes initially discovered were already familiar enough
from having seen similar features on the moon, Mariner went on to
discern many other features, the like of which might never have been
anticipated without an actual presence at Mars. These features
included the Mariners Valley, greater than 10 times the length
of our own Grand Canyon and more than 3 times its depth, and the
Tarsus volcanoes which dwarf the largest mountains on Earth. Mount
Olympus, the largest of the Tarsus volcanoes, in fact the largest
volcano in the solar system, is more than 3 time the height of Mount
Everest with a base that would more than cover than entire state of
Arizona. The mariner missions to Mars flew in 1964 (Mariner 4, flyby)
and 1971 (Mariner 9, orbiter).
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