Computation of Turbulent Heat Transfer on the Walls of a 180 Degree Turn Channel With a Low Reynolds Number Reynolds Stress Model
Ameri, A. A. (Toledo Univ., OH United States); Rigby, D. L. (QSS Group, Inc., Cleveland, OH United States); Steinthorsson, E. (A and E Consulting, Inc., Westlake, OH United States)
NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (CASI)
NASA/CR-2002-211515

The Low Reynolds number version of the Stress-omega model and the two equation k-omega model of Wilcox were used for the calculation of turbulent heat transfer in a 180 degree turn simulating an internal coolant passage. The Stress-omega model was chosen for its robustness. The turbulent thermal fluxes were calculated by modifying and using the Generalized Gradient Diffusion Hypothesis. The results showed that using this Reynolds Stress model allowed better prediction of heat transfer compared to the k-omega two equation model. This improvement however required a finer grid and commensurately more CPU time.
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Heat Transfer and Flow on the Blade Tip of a Gas Turbine Equipped with a Mean-Camberline Strip
Ameri, A.A. (AYT Corp., Brook Park, OH United States)
NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (CASI)
NASA/CR-2001-210764

Experimental and computational studies have been performed to investigate the detailed distribution of convective heat transfer coefficients on the first-stage blade tip surface for a geometry typical of large power generation turbines (greater than 100 MW) In a previous work the numerical heat transfer results for a sharp edge blade tip and a radiused blade tip were presented. More recently several other tip treatments have been considered for which the tip heat transfer has been measured and documented. This paper is concerned with the numerical prediction of the tip surface heat transfer for radiused blade tip equipped with mean-camberline strip (or 'squealer' as it is often called). The heat transfer results are compared with the experimental results and discussed. The effectiveness of the mean-camberline strip in reducing the tip leakage and the tip heat transfer as compared to a radiused edge tip and sharp edge tip was studied. The calculations show that the sharp edge tip works best (among the cases considered) in reducing the tip leakage flow and the tip heat transfer.
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Updated/Added to NTRS: 2003-05-08

 

 

 

 

 

A Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer and Effectiveness on Film Cooled Turbine Blade Tip Models
Ameri, A. A. (AYT Corp., Brook Park, OH United States); Rigby, D. L. (DYNACS Engineering Co., Inc., Brook Park, OH United States)
NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (CASI)
NASA/CR-1999-209165

A computational study has been performed to predict the distribution of convective heat transfer coefficient on a simulated blade tip with cooling holes. The purpose of the examination was to assess the ability of a three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes solver to predict the rate of tip heat transfer and the distribution of cooling effectiveness. To this end, the simulation of tip clearance flow with blowing of Kim and Metzger was used. The agreement of the computed effectiveness with the data was quite good. The agreement with the heat transfer coefficient was not as good but improved away from the cooling holes. Numerical flow visualization showed that the uniformity of wetting of the surface by the film cooling jet is helped by the reverse flow due to edge separation of the main flow.
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Heat Transfer and Flow on the First Stage Blade Tip of a Power Generation Gas Turbine
Ameri, A. A. (AYT Corp., Brook Park, OH United States); Bunker, R. S. (General Electric Co., Schenectady, NY United States)
NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (CASI)
NASA/CR-1999-209151/PT2

A combined experimental and computational study has been performed to investigate the detailed distribution of convective heat transfer coefficients on the first stage blade tip surface for a geometry typical of large power generation turbines (>1OOMW). This paper is concerned with the numerical prediction of the tip surface heat transfer. Good comparison with the experimental measured distribution was achieved through accurate modeling of the most important features of the blade passage and heating arrangement as well as the details of experimental rig likely to affect the tip heat transfer. A sharp edge and a radiused edge tip were considered. The results using the radiused edge tip agreed better with the experimental data. This improved agreement was attributed to the absence of edge separation on the tip of the radiused edge blade.
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Effects of Tip Clearance and Casing Recess on Heat Transfer and Stage Efficiency in Axial Turbines
Ameri, A. A. (AYT Corp., Brook Park, OH United States); Steinthorsson, E. (NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, OH United States); Rigby, David L. (NYMA, Inc., Brook Park, OH United States)
NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (CASI)
NASA/CR-1998-208514

Calculations were performed to assess the effect of the tip leakage flow on the rate of heat transfer to blade, blade tip and casing. The effect on exit angle and efficiency was also examined. Passage geometries with and without casing recess were considered. The geometry and the flow conditions of the GE-E 3 first stage turbine, which represents a modem gas turbine blade were used for the analysis. Clearance heights of 0%, 1%, 1.5% and 3% of the passage height were considered. For the two largest clearance heights considered, different recess depths were studied. There was an increase in the thermal load on all the heat transfer surfaces considered due to enlargement of the clearance gap. Introduction of recessed casing resulted in a drop in the rate of heat transfer on the pressure side but the picture on the suction side was found to be more complex for the smaller tip clearance height considered. For the larger tip clearance height the effect of casing recess was an orderly reduction in the suction side heat transfer as the casing recess height was increased. There was a marked reduction of heat load and peak values on the blade tip upon introduction of casing recess, however only a small reduction was observed on the casing itself. It was reconfirmed that there is a linear relationship between the efficiency and the tip gap height. It was also observed that the recess casing has a small effect on the efficiency but can have a moderating effect on the flow underturning at smaller tip clearances.
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Analysis of Gas Turbine Rotor Blade Tip and Shroud Heat Transfer
Ameri, A. A. (AYT Corp., Brook Park, OH United States); Steinthorsson, E. (NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, OH United States)
NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (CASI)
NASA-CR-198541 , 1996

Predictions of the rate of heat transfer to the tip and shroud of a gas turbine rotor blade are presented. The simulations are performed with a multiblock computer code which solves the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The effect of inlet boundary layer thickness as well as rotation rate on the tip and shroud heat transfer is examined. The predictions of the blade tip and shroud heat transfer are in reasonable agreement with the experimental measurements. Areas of large heat transfer rates are identified and physical reasoning for the phenomena presented.
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Prediction of Unshsrouded Rotor Blade Tip Heat Transfer
Ameri, A. A. (AYT Corp., Brook Park, OH United States); Steinthorsson, E. (Ohio Aerospace Inst., Institute for Computational Mechanics in Propulsion Cleveland, OH United States)
NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (CASI)
NASA-CR-198542 , 1994

The rate of heat transfer on the tip of a turbine rotor blade and on the blade surface in the vicinity of the tip, was successfully predicted. The computations were performed with a multiblock computer code which solves the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations using an efficient multigrid method. The case considered for the present calculations was the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) high pressure fuel side turbine. The predictions of the blade tip heat transfer agreed reasonably well with the experimental measurements using the present level of grid refinement. On the tip surface, regions with high rate of heat transfer was found to exist close to the pressure side and suction side edges. Enhancement of the heat transfer was also observed on the blade surface near the tip. Further comparison of the predictions was performed with results obtained from correlations based on fully developed channel flow.
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Navier-Stokes turbine heat transfer predictions using two-equation turbulence
Ameri, Ali A. (NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, OH, United States); Arnone, Andrea (NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, OH, United States)
NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (CASI)
NASA-TM-105817 , 1992

Navier-Stokes calculations were carried out in order to predict the heat transfer rates on turbine blades. The calculations were performed using TRAF2D which is a two-dimensional, explicit, finite volume mass-averaged Navier-Stokes solver. Turbulence was modeled using q-omega and k-epsilon two-equation models and the Baldwin-Lomax algebraic model. The model equations along with the flow equations were solved explicitly on a non-periodic C grid. Implicit residual smoothing (IRS) or a combination of multigrid technique and IRS was applied to enhance convergence rates. Calculations were performed to predict the Stanton number distributions on the first stage vane and blade row as well as the second stage vane row of the Rocketdyne Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) high pressure fuel turbine. The comparison with the experimental results, although generally favorable, serves to highlight the weaknesses of the turbulence models and the possible areas of improving these models for use in turbomachinery heat transfer calculations.
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Updated/Added to NTRS: 2003-05-08